UMR
PEOPLE
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Group 2
Ecology of functional microbial communities involved in the transformation of agricultural input
Key
words:
N cycling, pesticides, denitrification, microbial ecology, functional communities, greenhouse gas,
agricultural practices.
Group leader:
Laurent PHILIPPOT
N cycling, pesticides, denitrification, microbial ecology, functional communities, greenhouse gas,
agricultural practices.
Group leader:
Laurent PHILIPPOT
Permanent positions
BEGUET Jeremie (Engineer)
BIZOUARD Florian (Technician)
BRU David (Engineer Assistant)
BREUIL Marie-Christine (Technician)
DEVERS Marion (Engineer)
GERMON Jean-Claude (Research scientist)
MARTIN-LAURENT Fabrice (Research scientist)
PHILIPPOT Laurent (Research scientist)
ROUARD Nadine (Technician)
Contract employees
PhD positions
CHANGEY Frédérique
HAFEEZ Fahran
Post-Doc positions
BRENNAN Fiona
JONES Christopher
| Research interests | Ongoing projects | Selected publications | Working scheme |
RESEARCH INTERESTS
| Microorganisms
are key players in the biochemical cycles and are involved in the transformation
of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural soils. Understanding the fate
of agricultural input on the soil microorganisms and the ecology of the
functional communities involved in their transformations is important for
limitation of the detrimental side effects of agricultural input on the
environment and sustainable agriculture. The research theme of the group is to study the processes and the ecology of functional microbial communities involved in the transformation of agricultural input. This theme is studied under the two main axes described below: |
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| One
area of research is to understand how denitrification and production
of the greenhouse gas N2O are regulated in soils and
the importance of size and diversity of the denitrifier community in this
regulation. Research on this topic ranged from diversity studies using both cultivation and molecular approaches to in situ activity measurements and modelling. We focus on the effect of agricultural practices (addition of organic or mineral fertilizers, pesticides, etc..) on the denitrifying community, denitrification rates, N2O emissions but also on the total soil microbial community. Strategies for mitigation of N2O emissions are also investigated. |
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Our
second area of research is to understand how pesticides are degraded
in the environment by studying the density, the diversity and the
activity of pesticide-degrading bacteria. Influence of hot spots of organic
matter such as the rhizosphere or the drilosphere on the activity of pesticide-degrading
bacteria is of interest. We are also developing strategies for bioremediation of pesticide-polluted soils. |
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| Research interests | Ongoing projects | Selected publications | Working scheme |
ONGOING PROJECTS
|
Mapping functional microbial communities at different scales in terrestrial ecosystems Understanding the role of microbial diversity for ecosystem functioning Characterization of the total and functional microbial communities in constructed soils Bioremediation of chloredecone contaminated soils |
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Natural attenuation of pesticides in buffer zone EU 7th Framework, Metaxplore : Metagenomics for bioexploration - Tools and application EU 7th Framework, EcoFINDERS : Ecological Function and Biodiversity Indicators in European Soils |
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| Research interests | Ongoing projects | Selected publications | Working scheme |
SELECTED RECENT PUBLICATIONS
 Spatial
patterns of bacterial taxa in nature reflect ecological traits of deep branches
of the 16S rRNA bacterial tree. L. Philippot, D. Bru, N. P. A. Saby, J.
Cuhel, D. Arrouays, M. Simek, S. Hallin. Environmental Microbiology (2009)
11 : 3096-3104  |
 Mapping
field-scale spatial patterns of size and activity of the denitrifier community.
L. Philippot, J. Cuhel, N. P. A. Saby, D. Chèneby, A. Chronáková,
D. Bru, D. Arrouays, F. Martin-Laurent, M. Å imek. Environmental Microbiology
(2009) 11 : 1518-1526 |
TerraGenome
: a consortium for the sequencing of a soil metagenome. T. M. Vogel, Simonet
P., Jansson J. K., Hirsch P. R., Tiedje J. M., van Elsas J. D., Bailey M.
J., Nalin R., Philippot L. Nature Reviews Microbiology (2009) 7 :
252-252  |
| Philippot L., Andersson S. G. E., Battin T. J., Prosser J. I., Schimel J. P., Whitman W. B., Hallin S. 2010. The ecological coherence of high bacterial taxonomic ranks. Nature Reviews Microbiology. In press. |
| Pesce S., Martin-Laurent F., Rouard N., Robin A., Montuelle B. 2010. Evidence for adaptation of riverine sediment microbial communities to diuron mineralization : incidence of run-off and soil erosion. Journal of Soil and Sediments. In press. |
| Monard C., Martin-Laurent
F., Devers-Lamrani M., Lima O., Vandenkoornhuyse P., Binet F. 2010.
atz gene expressions during atrazine degradation in the soil drilosphere.
Molecular Ecology. 19 : 749-759.
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El Azhari N., Devers-Lamrani
M., Chatagnier G., Rouard N., Martin-Laurent F. 2010. Molecular analysis
of the catechol-degrading bacterial community in a coal wasteland heavily
contaminated with PAHs. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 177 : 1-3. 
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| Hallin S., Jones C.
M., Scholter M., Philippot L. 2009. Relationship between N-cycling
communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment.
The ISME Journal. 3 : 597-605.
|
| Henry S., Texier S.,
Hallet S., Bru D., Dambreville C., Chèneby D., Bizouard F., Germon
J. C., Philippot L. 2008. Disentangling the rhizosphere effect on
nitrate reducers and denitrifiers: insight into the role of root exudates.
Environmental Microbiology. 10 : 3082-3092.
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| Devers M., Rouard
N., Martin-Laurent F. 2008. Fitness drift of an atrazine-degrading
population under atrazine selection pressure. Environmental Microbiology.
10 : :676-84.
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| El Sebaï T.,
Lagacherie B., Soulas G., Martin-Laurent F. 2007. Spatial variability
of isoproturon mineralising activity in a French agricultural soil in relation
with soil physicochemical and biological properties. Environmental
Pollution. 145 : 680-690.
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| Research interests | Ongoing projects | Selected publications | Working scheme |
GENERAL WORKING SCHEME
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| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 |
Modified on 2011/06/07 (CH)
Version imprimable