Solid Organic Waste Management and Production and Utilization of Bio-Organic Fertilizer to Reduce the Environmental Pollution from Waste and Used Chemical Fertilizers.

• Improper management of solid waste causing environmental pollution

• Country is loosing a valuable raw material for the production of organic fertilizer.

• Organic Fertilizers may be introduced in Agriculture, Horticultural and Forestry.

• Chemical fertilizers are highly expensive

• Can cause severe environmental contamination

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Bio-Organic fertilizer composed of Organic fertilizer developed from Municipal Solid Organic Waste and biofertilizer developed with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium is an useful fertilizer alternative to chemical fertilizer may be used for improve agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry systems in Bangladesh.

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Organic fertilizer will improve the soil physical, chemical and biological properties and biofertilizer will provide nitrogen and phosphorus.

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Chittagong City Corporation has all necessary infrastructure facilities

Densely populated residential and commercial development posedpotential threat of environmental pollution

Generated solid wastes are not practicing any scientific methods.

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Primary objectives

To reduce the time taken for composting by microbial inoculants

To find out the suitable composition of the compost for balanced nutrient content of the compost.

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Next steps

To enrich the compost with bio-fertilizers developed

To have better supply of nitrogen and phosphorus

As the inadequate availability of Nitrogen and phosphorus in our soils.

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Development of Biofertilizers

Biofertilizer of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Ectomycorrhizal fungi as well as Rhizobium

So that the biofertilizers may be incorporated during packing and or distribution of Organic fertilizer.

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Phase 1

Production of Organic fertilizer from the Municipal Organic Waste and other organic products

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Phase 11

Development of Bio-fertilizers for Phosphorus and Nitrogen Nutrition:

Production of Biofertilizer of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium

Production of other types of Biofertilizers

Tested after successful production of the above two

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Management of Organic Waste

Composting

Composting is a process of biological decomposition of organic waste that is carried out by a group of active micro-organisms which break down the cellulolytic material and hasten the process of composting under aerobic condition at an elevated temperature.

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Factors influencing

Number and species of micro-organisms

Oxygen levels

Particle size

Nutrient levels

Temperature

pH etc.

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Advantages of composting

• Reduction of volume and weight

• Soil conditioner

• Means of land reclamation

• Quality of soil making it more productive

• Compost increases soil aeration

• It makes heavier soils easier to till

• Reduces soil erosion

• Buffer effect as a protection against very large application of chemical fertilizer.

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Disadvantage of composting

Mechanical plant construction cost is high

Maintenance and operational cost are also high

Difficulty in marketing the product

Sufficient space is required for storage of compost and installation of compost plant

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Economic Aspect of Composting

Incineration and bio-gas productions from waste are not economically viable

Large scale centralized and mechanized composting plants have high operational, transportation and maintenance costs.

A labor-intensive solid waste management is preferable to mechanized waste management solutions.

Improve the environmental condition by reducing the pollution

Provide organic fertilizer

Minimize the production cost of inorganic chemical fertilizers

Reduce the land area required for dumping

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Phase 11

**Production of Biofertilizer of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium
**Production of other types of Biofertilizers

Benefit of Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium

Mycorrhiza promotes the growth of host plants by improving the absorption of nutrients, water from soil and by protecting roots from pathogenic fungi and other stresses and rhizobium fixed atmospheric nitrogen for growth of plants.

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Development of Biofertilizers

Developed methodology for inoculum production of Mycorrhizal fungi with our indigenous plants under field conditions.

Inoculum production of Ectomycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium has also been developed in our laboratory.

The details production systems are presented in some of our publications.

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Materials needed for the production of Bio-organic

Continuous supply of waste

Suitable place with shade to do the whole operation of composting

Production of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal inoculum near to the compost plant.

Train or develop manpower

Chemicals analysis of quality of compost and finally Bio-organic

Laboratory equipment, space and sitting space, office etc.

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Testing Bioorganic

The efficacy of Bio-organic needs to be tested in different agro-ecological zones and different types of crops and forest plants as well as in the nursery systems.

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SCHEDULE OF WORK PLAN FOR ONE YEAR

Initially we will use about ten tons of waste. After successful production of compost we will increase our consumption from 10 to 100 and more.

One cycle of production of Compost from Municipal Solid Organic Waste by following the methodology mentioned above will need approximately three months. In the whole year we will produce several cycle of compost and simultaneously we will try to find suitable conditions and methods for rapid decomposition of organic waste into compost.

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal biofertilizer under field conditions will be developed with in three months.

Production of Ectomycorhizal and rhizobium biofertilizer under laboratory conditions will need about one month.

Testing of the prepared compost for nutritional value will need about two months.

Application of Biofertilizer to test their efficacy will need about six months.

Altogether we need one year to find out a preliminary information about our products.

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